中國(guó)歷史上英雄人物

西游記——孫大鬧天宮。

紅樓夢(mèng)——?jiǎng)⒗牙堰M(jìn)大觀園

水滸傳——武松打虎

三國(guó)演義——諸葛亮借東風(fēng)

Shihuangdi or Shih Huang-ti orig. Zhao Zheng

born с 259 BC, Qin state, northwestern China

died 210 BC, Hebei province

Founder of the Qin dynasty (221–207 BC).

His father was king of Qin, which was regarded as barbarous by the central states of China but had developed a strong bureaucratic government under the philosophy of legali *** (see Hanfeizi). Aided by Li Si, Zheng eliminated the other states until in 221 BC Qin ruled supreme. He proclaimed himself Shihuangdi ("First Sovereign Emperor") and initiated reforms designed to create a fully centralized administration. He was interested in magic and alchemy, hoping for an elixir of immortality; his reliance on magicians was strongly condemned by Confucian scholars, many of whom he executed. The scholars also advocated a return to old feudal ways; their obstinacy led him to order the burning of all nonutilitarian books. Traditional histories regarded him as the ultimate villain, cruel, uncultivated, and superstitious. Modern historians stress the endurance of his bureaucratic and administrative structure. Though the Qin dynasty collapsed after his death, future dynasties adopted his structures. He was buried in a massive tomb with an army of more than 6,000 terra-cotta soldiers and horses.

秦始皇 [Shihuangdi]

亦作Shih Huang-ti。

本名趙政(Zhao Zheng)。

(259?中國(guó)西北地區(qū) 秦國(guó)～210BC,河北省)

秦朝(221～207BC)的創(chuàng)建者。

其父是秦國(guó)君王。

盡管中原國(guó)家認(rèn)為秦國(guó)過(guò)于野蠻，但秦國(guó)仍然在法家(參閱韓非子〔Hanfeizi〕)思想的指導(dǎo)下，發(fā)展出強(qiáng)大的官僚 *** 。

趙政在李斯的協(xié)助下，于公元前221年之前，消滅了其它國(guó)家，取得最高的統(tǒng)治權(quán)。

他自稱(chēng)為「始皇帝」(第一位至高無(wú)上的皇帝)，發(fā)動(dòng)改革，計(jì)劃創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)完全中央集權(quán)的行政體系。

秦始皇帝對(duì)于法術(shù)與煉丹術(shù)頗有興趣，希望求得長(zhǎng)生不死的仙丹。

他對(duì)方士的信賴(lài)遭到儒家學(xué)者強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)，其中許多儒生因此而被處決。

儒家學(xué)者并倡導(dǎo)回歸到舊有的封建制。

由于他們毫不屈服，導(dǎo)致秦始皇下令焚燒所有非實(shí)用性的書(shū)籍。

在傳統(tǒng)歷史上一致認(rèn)為他徹底的惡劣、殘酷、粗野與迷信。

現(xiàn)代的歷史學(xué)者則強(qiáng)調(diào)其官僚與管理架構(gòu)的持久性。

雖然秦朝在秦始皇死亡后崩潰瓦解，但后世的朝代仍采用其行政架構(gòu)。

秦始皇被埋葬在一座巨大的陵墓中，其中附帶一支超過(guò)6,000具赤陶兵馬俑所組成的軍隊(duì)。

從古至今的每次戰(zhàn)斗中，都要涌現(xiàn)出無(wú)數(shù)的軍事人物。這些英雄人物是每個(gè)民族或每個(gè)國(guó)家的精神瑰寶。在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)這個(gè)大舞臺(tái)上，他們用膽量，智慧和忠誠(chéng)演繹了一個(gè)個(gè)驚心動(dòng)魄、可歌可泣的故事。

戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是無(wú)情的，也是殘酷的。在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)這個(gè)大融爐里，無(wú)數(shù)人失魂落魄，命懸一線(xiàn)；也有無(wú)數(shù)人不避艱險(xiǎn)，百煉成鋼；正是他們使人們看到了殘酷中的精彩，沒(méi)落中的振興；也正是他們承載著沉重的歷史，一步一步向前邁進(jìn)。